It certainly is the most durable in its consequences for national assemblies. ![]() Perhaps the most important of these factors is the first: the respective constitutional powers of the two houses regarding legislation. Individually and collectively, these five factors shape and condition the legislative process, especially at that final stage at which the initial legislative decisions of the two houses must be reconciled.įive factors affecting bicameral relations The potential difficulties of reaching bicameral agreements in any national (or sub-national) political assembly depend on at least five factors: constitutional powers, partisan control, party cohesiveness, procedural comparability, and legislative autonomy. This requirement for bicameral legislative agreement can cause delays, require difficult and sometimes acrimonious negotiations, and even prevent enactment of a bill that each house already has passed, albeit with somewhat different provisions. ![]() Under some democratic constitutions, a proposed new law cannot take effect with binding legal force until both halves of a bicameral parliament or legislature have approved it in precisely the same terms. ![]() Whatever the virtues of bicameralism may be, there is no doubt that it can complicate the legislative process in any assembly, and especially in national assemblies that represent the diverse interests and preferences of complex societies.
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